The science of Tajweed is a science specialized in teaching the correct way to pronounce verses of the Holy Qur’an, as our Master Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pronounce them. It is learned by sheikhs or professors specialized in that, and they have the authority to teach these rulings. The first beginnings of the science of Tajweed were in the third century AH.
Especially when the Islamic State expands, and it is mentioned that Imam Abu Ubaidah Al-Qasim bin Salam was the first to collect and classify the rulings of intonation, and among the rulings that are classified in the rulings of the noon saakinah and tanween are: Idgham, ikhfa, izhar, and iqlab, and in this article we will talk about the rule of ikhfaa letters.
Definition of ikhfaa and its letters
There is a lot of information related to the ruling on ikhfaa letters, which we will explain as follows: The true definition of ikhfaa: concealment in language: concealment. It is said: the man disappeared from the eyes of people, that is, he concealed himself from them.
Technically, it is: pronouncing a consonant letter, unstressed, in a form between naḥāḥ and assimilation, with the ghannah remaining in the first letter (nūn sakinah or tanween). This letter is ghannan by the amount of two vowels, and it is one of the rulings of the nūn sakinah and tanween.
ikhfaa letters is a state between assimilation and assimilation, so assimilation does not completely match the pronunciation of the letter Nun, nor is it like assimilation, which requires similarity between the assimilated and the assimilated in it. The letters of concealment are fifteen letters, and they are the following letters: (S, D, Th, J, Sh, Q, x,d,i,g,f,t,z,z),”
If the reader comes after the Nun Sakinah or Tanween with one of the letters of concealment mentioned above, we apply the rule of concealment by pronouncing the Nun Sakinah or Tanween in a middle state between apparent and assimilated, while introducing the Ghannah in the amount of two vowels and without stress. Hiding the Nun Sakinah is in one or two words. As for concealing Tanween comes in two words
The definition of ikhfaa shafwi
is the concealment of the consonant meem when the letter b comes after it in the next word, and it is called oral; Because the meem and baa are produced by the lips, and when pronounced with oral concealment, the lips are closed together without leaving any gap between them.
What is the reason for the ikhfa?
The reason for ikhfaa letters is the lack of closeness between the exits of the noun sakina and tanween and the exits of the true ikhfaa letters. They are neither close to each other so that assimilation can be applied to them, nor are they far away from each other so that assimilation is applied to them.
Thus, ikhfaa letters is an intermediate state between assimilation and assimilation. As for oral concealment, it is caused by homogeneity. Between the exits of the hidden letters and the exits of the meem and the ba, which leads to ease of pronunciation of them.
What is the reason for the name ikhfa?
The ikhfaa letters is called concealment; Because the sakina nūn or tanween is pronounced with concealment when it meets one of the concealment letters, and it is called true because concealment is achieved in it more than in others, in addition to the scholars’ agreement on this designation. Oral concealment was given this name; Because the exit of the meem and the ba share the same exit, which is the two lips
What are the levels of ikhfaa?
There are three levels of true ikhfaa letters. There are three levels of true concealment, which we will mention as follows:
- The highest rank: This rank is achieved when the letter dal, ta’, or ta’ comes after the sakina or tanween nun, and the concealment here is closest to assimilation.
- Lowest rank: This rank is achieved when the letters qaf and kaf are followed after the noon sakinah or tanween, and concealment then is close to revealing.
- Medium rank: It is achieved when the remaining letters of concealment are followed by the noun sakinah or tanween.
What are the difference between ikhfaa and izhar?
Is distinguished between Ikhfaa and izherby several things, including the following:
- Concealment does not include stress when pronouncing it, unlike assimilation, where there is stress when pronouncing it.
- Masking occurs when the letter is pronounced with the letter that follows it, while assimilation occurs when the letter is inserted into the letter that comes after it.
- Concealment occurs in one or two words, while assimilation only occurs in two words.
- The letters of concealment are fifteen letters, while the assimilation letters are six letters.
Summary
ikhfaa letters means pronouncing the letter in a form between assimilation and adjective with ghunnah, and it occurs in the letter Nūn as a sakūnah or tanween if one of the letters of concealment comes after it, which are: “S, D, Th, J, Sh, Q, S, D, T, Z, F, T, Dh, D”, and it is then called true concealment, just as ikhfaa letters occurs in the silent letter meem if it comes after the letter b, and it is then called oral concealment.
